Refugee Return
Ethnic Intolerance
Political Obstruction of the Dayton Peace Accords
Radical Islam Factor

Rethinking the Dayton Agreement: Bosnia Three Years Later, By Gary T. Dempsey, © Cato Policy Analysis No. 327, 12/14/1998. 
"The Dayton Agreement formally ended the most serious armed conflict in Europe since World War II. But three years after the agreement was signed, its goal of creating a unitary, multiethnic Bosnian state is not realistic. Reintegration is grinding to a halt, the vast majority of Bosnians polled still say they will not vote for a candidate from another ethnic group, and nationalist political parties continue to dominate the political scene. In addition, international reconstruction aid has been plagued by corruption, and Western dollars often end up in the coffers of the very nationalist political parties that are considered the chief obstacles to peace. Economic growth is artificial, privatization has stalled, and the West has begun resorting to increasingly high-handed measures to force Bosnian Croats, Serbs, and Muslims to live under the fiction of one government. The Dayton Agreement's failure is not merely a matter of passing interest; the Clinton administration's continued and uncritical devotion to the agreement is compromising U.S. national security and saddling the United States with an expensive yet futile nation-building operation of unknown duration. The administration needs to jettison its presumption that there are only two options for U.S. policy on Bosnia: adhere to the Dayton Agreement or cut and run. There is another option: a negotiated three-way partition of Bosnia overseen by a European-led transition force. Partition it is the most politically feasible way to extract U.S. troops without leaving chaos behind." 
http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-327es.html

Refugee Return

After War, Refugees Forever?; Two Bosnian women, one Muslim and one Serb, are mirror-image victims of greed and ethnic hatred. Peace pact guarantees the right of return for millions like them. But few believe they will ever go home, By Tracy Wilkinson, © Los Angeles Times, 12/15/1995.
One is a Muslim, the other a Serb, and their stories are strikingly similar.
Search the Los Angeles Times Archives: http://www.latimes.com/archives/
ID: 0950114161 

Ethnic Serb Refugees Protest Against Evictions In Bosnia, © Reuters, © Central Europe Online, 04/01/2000. Some 4,000 ethnic Serb refugees from the Muslim-Croat controlled part of Bosnia and Croatia protested here Friday against their evictions from houses and apartments.
http://www.centraleurope.com/news.php3?id=147838

Rethinking the Dayton Agreement: Bosnia Three Years Later, By Gary T. Dempsey, © Cato Policy Analysis No. 327, 12/14/1998.
"By the end of 1997, only 431,516, or 19 percent, of Bosnia's 2.3 million refugees and displaced persons had returned home. Moreover, the total number of returnees this year is expected to be only 11 percent of that of 1997. Even more telling is the fact that over the past three years only 55,000 Bosnians have returned to areas where they are in the minority. During the same period, 80,000 Bosnians have moved from areas where they were in the minority to areas where they are in the majority. That means there are 25,000 fewer Bosnians living in integrated communities today than when the Dayton Agreement ws signed three years ago."
http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa327.pdf

Envoys to boost Serb returns to Bosnian town, © The BBC World Service, 5/6/1998.
The senior international mediator in Bosnia, Carlos Westendorp, has said two envoys are to be appointed in an effort to encourage Serb refugees to return to the Croat-controlled town of Drvar. http://news2.thls.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_88000/88398.stm

Bosnian Croat mayor sacked, © The BBC World Service, 3/6/1998.
The international mediator for Bosnia-Hercegovina, Carlos Westendorp, has sacked the Bosnia Croat mayor of the town of Stolac, following a series of attacks on Moslem refugees returning to their homes. The town's police chief was sacked last month, accused of tacitly approving the attacks.
http://news2.thls.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_62000/62605.stm

Hollow promise? Return of Bosnian Serb displaced persons to Drvar, Bosansko Grahovo and Glamoc, By International Crisis Group, 12/15/1997.
The greater obstacle to Serb return comes from the HDZ authorities which have attempted during the past two years to consolidate the ethnic predominance of Croats in all areas under HVO control. Serb houses have been burned and/or looted with the tacit approval of the authorities; vacant houses have been advertised for resettlement to displaced Croats from Central Bosnia and Posavina, as well as Croat refugees in Germany; and Croatian companies linked to the HDZ leadership in Zagreb, in particular Finvest, have invested massively in these municipalities, offering jobs to Croats willing to relocate. The police is ethnically-pure Croat.
http://www.crisisweb.org/projects/Bosnia/reports/bh29main.htm

Drunken Croat mobs force returning Muslims to flee villages, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 8/5/1997.
On Saturday, Croats in Jajce erected roadblocks around the town, and on Sunday Croat gangs converged on villages to which Muslims who had fled during the war had recently returned. "Overnight, and under threat from Croat mobs, more than 370 Bosnians left seven villages in the Jajce municipality," said Mr Ivanko. "Marauding gangs of Croats protested throughout Sunday. We have reports that most of them were heavily intoxicated." He said more Muslims had fled after similar attacks on Saturday. The body of one man had been found in one of the 10 houses set on fire in the area.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=kL1JL7Jp&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/97/8/5/wbos05.html

Panic-stricken Serbs bring out their dead, By Scott Peterson, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 1/8/1996.
According to the Dayton peace accord, Odjak and two nearby villages are to be given up by the Serbs to the Croat/Muslim federation in exchange for land elsewhere. But this place has been laid waste, the damage done during the war in 1992 compounded by the destruction inflicted by those leaving. Despite the pleas of local Serb officials to stay, a wave of panic has gripped the population, causing an exodus of more than 18,000 people, half of whom were made refugees by the war earlier this year. Not a single Serb will stay behind here to live under Croat and Muslim rule; and they are taking their dead with them.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=LbhiKK3d&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/96/1/8/wbosna08.html

Bosnia: Once a Serb Town, Drvar Has Become the Croat Stronghold, By Jolyon Naegele, © Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 9/4/1996.
Drvar in western Bosnia used to be a predominantly Serb town. It isn't anymore. Last year the Serbs were driven off by the Croatian army during its Operation Storm mounted to liberate Serb-occupied Krajina region. The Bosnian Croat army continues to maintain a highly visible presence with a large garrison.
http://www.rferl.org/nca/features/1996/09/f.ru.96090415584161.html

Croatia refugee bar angers UN, By Robert Fox in Sarajevo and Scott Peterson, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 9/27/1995.
United Nations officials are outraged at the declaration by President Tudjman's government in Croatia that refugee status is being cancelled for most fugitives from the Bosnian war. The decree, issued on Monday by the Croatian office for refugees and displaced persons, states that the 100,000 refugees can now go home to towns recently "liberated" by the Muslim-Croat offensive.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=aNRwNawL&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/95/9/27/wbosna27.html

Refugees Outside Bosnia:

US Committee for Refugees: Country Reports: Yugoslavia, 1999.
At year's end, about 550,000 refugees from former Yugoslavia were in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro). About 293,000 came from Croatia, almost all ethnic Serbs. The estimated 241,000 Bosnian refugees in Yugoslavia were also overwhelmingly ethnic Serb.
http://refugees.org/world/countryrpt/europe/1998/yugoslavia.htm

Ethnic Intolerance

Bosnia Accord Failing in Multiethnic Goals, By Tracy Wilkinson, © Los Angeles Times, 6/11/1996.
Six months into the U.S.-brokered peace process in Bosnia, with the West facing a long list of defeats and struggling for new tactics, some mediators privately concede that the accord's central elements – reunification, the return home of refugees – are all but a lost cause.
Search the Los Angeles Times Archives: http://www.latimes.com/archives/
ID: 0960050966 

Dreams of a Unified Bosnia Fade as Ethnic Lines Harden, By Scott Peterson, © The Christian Science Monitor, 5/20/1996.
The gang of Bosnian Muslim teenagers waited patiently for the busload of Serbs. They had clubs ready and stones in hand to block any Serbs who might dare to cross this ethnic boundary to visit family graves.
Search the Christian Science Monitor Archives: http://www.csmonitor.com/

Bosnia Pamphlet's Urgings to Shun Christians Draw Fire, By Tracy Wilkinson, © Los Angeles Times, 12/26/1997.
The pamphlet circulating on Christmas urged Bosnian Muslims to shun Christians and their celebrations. "Brother Muslims," it warned, "do not even congratulate Christians on their holiday."
Search the Los Angeles Times Archives: http://www.latimes.com/archives/
ID: 0970117049 

Nato steps up security after Croat attack, By Julius Strauss, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 2/12/1997.
Spanish and French Nato soldiers placed a security blanket on Mostar yesterday after Bosnian Croats attacked a group of Muslims trying to visit the graves of their relatives. Nato armoured cars and soldiers took up positions at strategic positions throughout the city and stopped and searched cars. In one Croat car they found an AK-47 assault rifle, a pistol and two rifle grenades. The latest wave of unrest to shake Mostar, officially a united town, began on Monday when a 200-strong group of Muslims celebrating Bajram, the end of Ramadan, tried to cross the former confrontation line to visit the graves of their relatives in the Croat-held west of the city.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=02RXXx2q&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/97/2/12/wmost12.html

Croats' Aggression Shows Bosnia Alliance's Tension, By Tracy Wilkinson and Dean E. Murphy, © Los Angeles Times, 3/7/1996.
In another show of the destructive tensions between Muslims and Croats in postwar Bosnia, NATO forces were called into action to dislodge a band of Croatian police disrupting Wednesday's transfer of a Serb-held suburb to government
Search the Los Angeles Times Archives: http://www.latimes.com/archives/
ID: 0960020872 

Bosnian ethnic separation continues – in classrooms, By Christiane Amanpour, © CNN, 10/16/1997.
The Bosnian Muslims appear to be giving into pressure for partition, only they are more subtle about it. They talk about multiethnicity, but there is discrimination against non-Muslims in jobs, the judiciary and real estate.
http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9710/16/bosnia/index.html

Mending of Bosnia Begins in Mostar, by Laura Kay Rozen, © The Christian Science Monitor, 7/2/1996.
The ethnic division of Mostar is perhaps best seen in the destruction of its Old Bridge. Constructed in 1556 by Bosnia's Ottoman rulers, the simple stone arch was shelled into oblivion by Mostar's Croatian forces in 1993, leaving a divide where connection once stood.
Search the Christian Science Monitor Archives: http://www.csmonitor.com/

Political Obstruction of the Dayton Peace Accords

Croatia After Tudjman, © United States Institute of Peace Special Report
Tudjman's departure from political power will have more of an impact on Bosnia's future than that of any leader except Milosevic. In keeping with his vision of a greater Croatia, Tudjman considers Bosnia and Herzegovina an appendage of Croatia. Although Western pressure prevents him from dismembering it, Tudjman and the HDZ have maintained de facto control of the Croatian portions of Herzeg-Bosna through political party ties, joint Croatian institutions, a shared currency, and preexisting integrated power and telecommunications grids.
http://www.usip.org/oc/sr/croatia2.html

Cracks Widen in Bosnian Croat Leadership, By Janez Kovac in Mostar (BCR No. 123, 10-Mar-00)
Bosnian Croat war veterans this week called on their leadership to turn its back on moves to unify Bosnia. Enraged by the Hague Tribunal's conviction of their war time commander, Tihomir Blaskic, the veterans demanded that the leadership of the Croatian Democratic Union, HDZ, boycott upcoming local elections, cease work with the Bosnian joint institutions and call a referendum on the creation of a separate Croat entity in Bosnia by the end of March.
http://www.iwpr.ac.psiweb.com/index.pl5?archive/bcr/bcr_20000310_2_eng.txt

Croatia Ends Bosnia Croat Separatist Dreams, Reuters, © Central Europe Online, 3/31/2000.
Bosnian Croats in the southern Herzegovina region harbored for years the dream of breaking away from Bosnia and uniting with ethnic kin across the border in Croatia. Backed financially and militarily by Zagreb, their forces fought the Moslem-led government in Sarajevo in a bitter conflict in 1993. They even formed their own Herzeg-Bosnia statelet during the Bosnian war.
http://www.centraleurope.com/news.php3?id=147409

NATO Westar Operation Reveals Bosnian Croat Spy Net, By Janez Kovac in Sarajevo (BCR No.104, 21-Dec-99)
NATO's huge haul of spying equipment captured in raids on Bosnian Croat offices, points to a massive surveillance operation targeting the international community and war crimes investigators. Croatia's secret service denies everything.
http://www.iwpr.ac.psiweb.com/index.pl5?archive/bcr/bcr_19991221_1_eng.txt

Westendorp tells Bosnian Croats to cooperate in peace process, 
© The BBC World Service, 5/16/1998.
The senior international official in Bosnia Herzegovina, Carlos Westendorp, has called on the Bosnian Croat leadership to stop obstructing the peace process.
http://news2.thls.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_94000/94919.stm

Do more for peace, US envoy tells Bosnia's Muslims and Croats, 
© The BBC World Service, 3/29/1998.
Speaking after a meeting with the Croatian President Franjo Tudjman, Mr. Gelbard said that with a moderate government in Bosnia's Serb Republic, he was becoming tired and frustrated at the way the Muslim-Croat federation was dragging its feet in implementing peace accords.
http://news2.thls.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_71000/71037.stm

US lauds Serbs and criticises Croats, © BBC News, 2/23/1998.
The United States has taken the first steps in relaxing the wall of sanctions against the federal republic of Yugoslavia. Mr Gelbard said the measures were introduced as a result of the efforts of the Yugoslav government of President Slobodan Milosevic to establish a more democratic regime in the Bosnian Serb republic. Under Bosnian Serb President Biljana Plavsic and premier Milorad Dodik the new government has shown far more willingness to implement the Dayton peace accords.
http://news2.thls.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_59000/59488.stm

In Herzeg Bosna, the local mafia is also the government, By Julius Strauss, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 8/5/1996.
While the Muslim-Croat federation may exist on Western planners' drawing boards, the reality is very different. Herzeg Bosna has all the trappings of a state: flag, ministries, officials. It even has its own number plate, not recognised elsewhere. Unlike shattered and impoverished Muslim-held territory, the Croat regions are home to a prosperity not found in Bosnia. In the High Street of the Bosnian Croat "capital" of west Mostar, BMWs, Mercedes and Volkswagens vie for parking space. The patrons of its expensive cafes are nearly all young ex-soldiers with crew cuts, who sip coffee from elegant cups and are unfriendly to outsiders. In west Mostar, as in Croatia proper, the kuna is the currency of transactions.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=Q0L900zR&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/96/8/5/wbos105.html

Bosnian Croat leaders boycott city council, By Julius Strauss, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 7/24/1996.
Bosnian Croat leaders blocked the adoption of a new European Union mandate for the divided city of Mostar yesterday and boycotted the first session of a city council whose task is to reunite it. The Croatian Democratic Community (HDZ), which represents 90 per cent of Bosnian Croats, is upset with the results of last month's municipal election, won by the Muslim Party for Democratic Action. The boycott means that, unless an after-hours agreement is reached, the council will have no power over the Croat half of the city and the EU administrators who have run Mostar for two years will have to leave without accomplishing their mission.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=LbhiGNdd&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/96/7/24/wbosna24.html

Croat mini-state threatens to undermine Dayton election plan, By Robert Fox, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 6/17/1996.
The Dayton peace plan for Bosnia was dealt a further blow this weekend when separatist Croats named a new government for their mini-state of Herceg-Bosna – which was supposed to disappear under the agreement signed last year. The local Croats were supposed to work within a Muslim-Croat federation laid down by an agreement in March 1994. The Croats had set up their entity of Herceg-Bosna during the bitter fighting with Muslims in 1993 and 1994. In the worst of the clashes, the better-armed Croats penned up to 50,000 Muslims in the old part of Mostar for 10 months.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=aNRwNawL&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/96/6/17/wcroa17.html

Croatia refugee bar angers UN, By Robert Fox in Sarajevo and Scott Peterson, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 9/27/1995.
United Nations officials are outraged at the declaration by President Tudjman's government in Croatia that refugee status is being cancelled for most fugitives from the Bosnian war. The decree, issued on Monday by the Croatian office for refugees and displaced persons, states that the 100,000 refugees can now go home to towns recently "liberated" by the Muslim-Croat offensive.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=aNRwNawL&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/95/9/27/wbosna27.html

Radical Islam Factor

Home-Grown Terrorism, By George Szamuely, The New York Press, 12/28/1999 
Bosnia's emergence as a center of international terror did not come about by accident. The Clinton administration had encouraged Iran to send arms to Bosnia's Muslims. Iran not only sent arms but also its Islamic militants. In 1996 the CIA claimed that Bosnian President Alija Izetbegovic was "on their [the Iranian] payroll." It warned of the growing Iranian presence. Iranian cultural centers, for instance, were "fronts for the Iranian Revolutionary Guards." Yet the administration continued to pour in billions of dollars of aid into Bosnia. All manner of radical Islamic groups made their home in Bosnia. Our old friend Osama bin Laden was issued a Bosnian passport in 1993. In July of this year, as NATO leaders were preparing to journey to Sarajevo to congratulate themselves for having bombed the Serbs into submission, the Independent reported that "Islamic extremists, including followers of the alleged terrorist leader Osama bin Laden, are in Bosnia and pose a security threat to Western leaders descending on Sarajevo." That is ironic! The supposedly secular, cosmopolitan, multicultural Izetbegovic has refused to send the mujahideen home. Radical Islamic groups are believed to have been behind a number of bombings in Bosnia. There was even an attempted assassination of the pope during his visit to Sarajevo in 1997. Police discovered a massive bomb under the roadway just a few hours before the Popemobile was supposed to pass over a bridge. There were no arrests. http://www.nypress.com/content.cfm?content_id=972
http://www.antiwar.com/rep/szamuely17.html

Clinton-Approved Iranian Arms Transfers Help Turn Bosnia into Militant Islamic Base, The United States Senate – Republican Policy Committee, Larry E. Craig, Chairman, 1/16/1997.
This paper will examine the Clinton policy of giving the green light to Iranian arms shipments to the Bosnian Muslims, with serious implications for the safety of U.S. troops deployed there:
1. The Clinton Green Light to Iranian Arms Shipments
2. The Militant Islamic Network
3. The Radical Islamic Character of the Sarajevo Regime
http://rpc.senate.gov/releases/1997/iran.htm

A Bosnian Village's Terrorist Ties Links to U.S. Bomb Plot Arouse Concern About Enclave of Islamic Guerrillas, By R. Jeffrey Smith, 
© Washington Post Foreign Service, A01, 03/11/2000. 
A sign along the road into town warns visitors to "be afraid of Allah." It is a message worth taking to heart: Two NATO generals who ventured here in the past year were assaulted or threatened by residents. Last August, the windshield of a visiting relief worker was shattered by an ax.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/2000-03/11/006r-031100-idx.html

Muslims plant 23 bombs to assassinate the Pope, By Robert Fox, 
© Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 4/13/1997.
Suspicions immediately fell on extreme Muslim organisations or individuals seeking revenge against the spiritual leader of their Catholic Croatian enemies. Although Bosnia's Croats and Muslims are now locked in a federation, the scars of their brutal 18-month conflict at the height of the civil war have not healed. Sources in Sarajevo say that hundreds of Iranian-backed foreign Islamic fighters remain at large in the country, despite assurances from the Bosnian government that they were expelled. There have been several bomb attacks recently on churches in the city and elsewhere in central Bosnia.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=VwPZumPx&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/97/4/13/wpop13.html

Report of Bosnian Spy Network Stirs Concerns in U.S., By James Risen, © Los Angeles Times, 2/6/1997.
The Clinton administration has received a new and troubling secret report that says Bosnia's Muslim government is setting up an underground intelligence service heavily influenced by Iran, according to U.S. intelligence sources.
Search the Los Angeles Times Archives: http://www.latimes.com/archives/
ID: 0970011433

Iran's cases of cash 'helped buy Muslim victory in Bosnia', By Robert Fox, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 1/1/1997.
Iran paid half-a-million dollars towards the presidential election campaign of Alija Izetbegovic, leader of the main Muslim party in Bosnia, according to the CIA. The funds were provided in two suitcases, each containing bank notes totalling $250,000. Reports of the CIA disclosures will be an embarrassment for President Clinton and will underline the split in official American policy towards Mr Izetbegovic and his Party of Democratic Action, the SDA. Some US officials have been prepared to give unstinting support to the Bosnian president, while others are alarmed at his leaning towards radical Islamic regimes. During the Bosnian war from 1992 to 1995, the Americans turned a blind eye to the delivery of weapons from Iran to the beleaguered Muslim Bosnian army. The White House allowed Iranian influence to grow in Bosnia over the past five years, as it strove to keep US military involvement in the Balkans to a minimum.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=Q0L900zR&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/97/1/1/wmus01.html

Iran Gave Bosnia Leader $500,000, CIA Alleges, By James Risen, © Los Angeles Times, 12/31/1996.
The Central Intelligence Agency has evidence that Iranian agents secretly delivered at least $500,000 in cash to Bosnian President Alija Izetbegovic for his campaign before last fall's Bosnian elections, according to classified documents obtained by The Times.
Search the Los Angeles Times Archives: http://www.latimes.com/archives/
ID: 0960114170

Poll will produce Islamic dictator, says siege hero, by Lucy Wadham in Sarajevo, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 9/15/1996.
Sefer Halilovic is one of the more controversial players in this weekend's Bosnian elections. The Muslim general – a hero of the siege of Sarajevo – has warned that the poll will usher in a regime amounting to an Islamic dictatorship in all but name. His principal charge is that President Alija Izetbegovic, whose Party of Democratic Rights (SDA) is expected to do well when results are declared this week, has abandoned the notion of a multi-ethnic Bosnian state and is pursuing an ultra-nationalist purge of opponents. Halilovic says America's eagerness to hustle Bosnians to the polls before refugees could freely return to their homes, will "legitimise an illegal system and complete the partition of Bosnia."
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=02RGNGrq&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/96/9/15/wbosn215.html

Bosnian president seizes firms in struggle for control of Tuzla, By Tim Butcher in Tuzla, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 6/12/1996.
President Alija Izetbegovic of Bosnia has launched his most serious attempt to seize political control of the northern industrial city of Tuzla, a region that in almost four years of war refused to back his Islamic party. Under a new economic restructuring law, the heads of about 30 of Tuzla's largest firms and businesses are to be replaced by supporters of Mr. Izetbegovic's Party of Democratic Action (SDA). The move is further evidence of the increasingly undemocratic and authoritarian behaviour of the government of Mr Izetbegovic, which made much of its supposedly liberal values when trying to appeal to the West during the war. Tuzla has always been an oasis of relative multi-ethnic tolerance and the SDA's ticket of explicitly pro-Islamic, nationalist policies has never enjoyed wide support in the town.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=Q0L3Sx9R&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/96/6/12/wbos12.html

Sarajevo cell signals holy war for Europe, By Con Coughlin, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, This report appeared in the last edition of The Sunday Telegraph, 2/19/1996.
American and Nato intelligence sources have suspected for weeks that remnants of extremist "mujahideen" fighters have lingered in Bosnia following the deployment of an international force to help implement the Dayton accords. Islamic fanatics, financed and supported by Iran, have waged what they considered a jihad, or holy war, against Christian Serbs and Croats in Bosnia during 3.5 years of conflict, helping the fledgling Bosnian army when Western governments did nothing.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=Q0L993xR&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/96/2/19/wbosn218.html

Muslim Fighters in Bosnia Said to Threaten U.S. Lives, By Tracy Wilkinson, © Los Angeles Times, 9/13/1996.
As hundreds of Americans flood Bosnia to observe this weekend's national elections, the U.S. Embassy warned Thursday of a group of suspected moujahedeen – Muslim fighters – that has threatened to kill Americans.
Search the Los Angeles Times Archives: http://www.latimes.com/archives/
ID: 0960079338

Mujahideen pose threat to Bosnia peace force, By Scott Peterson, 
© Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 12/22/1995.
Fundamentalist Muslim veterans from Afghanistan, and soldiers from Sudan, Egypt and other Islamic nations, have served in the Bosnian army during much of the three-and-a-half-year Bosnian war. But with the new peace their presence away from the front line has turned to one of menace. Though the peace accord calls for such foreign "freedom fighters" and mercenaries – all known locally as mujahideen - to be withdrawn from Bosnia within 30 days of its signing, which took place in Paris last week, United Nations officials say some of the mujahideen have been issued with Bosnian passports.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=r3khhE9X&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/95/12/22/wbosna22.html

U.S. Envoy Sent to Urge Bosnia to Expel Foreign Muslim Fighters; Balkans: Some fear moujahedeen might target U.S. troops. Negotiator also wants government to reassure Sarajevo Serbs. By Stanley Meisler, © Los Angeles Times, 12/8/1995.
The Clinton administration dispatched peace negotiator Richard Holbrooke to Bosnia on Thursday to pressure the Muslim-led government into ousting foreign Islamic fighters and reassuring fearful Serbs in Sarajevo.
Search the Los Angeles Times Archives: http://www.latimes.com/archives/
ID: 0950111842

Bosnian Mujahideen's anti-British grudge adds to the nightmare, By Scott Peterson, © Daily (Electronic) Telegraph, 11/6/1995.
The British Army officer had been tipped off: while he was at a meeting in a town in north-east Bosnia, his waiting armoured vehicle had been surrounded by Muslim Mujahideen fighters. They took special interest in the Union Flag on the front panel: the soldiers inside bolted the doors, and waited nervously for their officer to return.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=002575848746865&rtmo=LbhiKK3d&atmo=
tttttttd&pg=/et/95/11/6/wbosna06.html
 
 

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